Vol. 21 No. 4 (2017)

Purpose. Spatial development and managing it are largely viewed as a complex of economic, architecture, management priorities with very little attention to communications. Meanwhile communications contribute to spatial development projects goodwill and are responsible for high quality community relations and relations between communities and municipal authorities. Hence communications is one of the vital and widely underestimated tools of spatial development. The more so, in information society context communications for spatial development are now drastically changing. Scientific novelty and results. To be effective communications in spatial development should be organized in concerto with network society meaning that communications should no longer remain linearbut become bilateral or multilateral, symmetric, integrated, quick, interactive, easy

Purpose. The article is devoted to assessing the sustainability of the marketing potential of the territory in modern conditions. Marketing potential determines the competitiveness and efficiency of functioning in modern conditions any local area, provided that the image of the territory and its popularity among the subjects: residents and non-residents of the territory. Scientific novelty. Marketing development of the region generates the need to address key issues: increasing revenues, improving the quality of education, nutrition and the quality and diversity of medical services in accordance with modern standards and demand-side actors of the territory, development of the labour market and many other vital aspects. In the study, it is necessary to study the socio economic development of the region, as it is a socio economic system is the basis for the development of the territory. Results. The article presents the empirical research of the socio economic system of the Sverdlovsk region in the framework of the ongoing study, identified strengths and weaknesses of development of the territory in terms of marketing potential. Presents key points, impeding the sustainable development of the territory, as well as the directions of increase of competitiveness of the research object.

Purpose. To explore marketing opportunities for the territory of the city of Kamensk-Uralsky for the purpose of its socio-economic development; to implement the function of planning socio-economic development of the city of Kamensk-Uralsky through territorial marketing tools on the basis of a comprehensive analysis of the marketing potential of the territory's promising markets. Research methodology. The research is based on methods of collection, processing and analysis of primary and secondary data on marketing opportunities of the territory of the city of Kamensk-Uralsky, as well as quantitative and qualitative PEST and SWOT analysis methods. A qualitative survey method, namely in-depth expert interviews was used for the purposes of field research. Results. The article examines theoretical and methodological issues of territorial marketing and contains quantitative and qualitative analysis of marketing opportunities of the territory of the city of Kamensk-Uralsky. Based on the results of the analysis it is revealed that implementation of territorial marketing tools aimed at a promising market of consumers of the territory's services, namely tourism and hospitality market, is one of the key area of socio-economic development of the city of Kamensk-Uralsky. Through implementation of territorial marketing tools, namely image marketing, positioning of tourist attractions, tourism infrastructure, and marketing of people, key strategic and tactical solutions for development of the tourism and hospitality market for the five-year term are developed. Scientific novelty consists in the development of strategic and tactical territorial marketing tools for development of marketing opportunities of the city of Kamensk-Uralsky on the basis of a comprehensive analysis of the marketing potential of promising markets in the territory.

Purpose. The paper substantiates the necessity for conceptualisation of the cultural brand of the Republic of Mordovia as a strategic resource of development and popularisation of the territory. Methods. The study draws on conventional scientific methods: analysis, synthesis, generalisation and conceptual modeling, which enabled to substantiate the importance of the project idea of a cultural brand. Results and practical significance. The paper reveals that the projecting of the Republic of Mordovia’s cultural brand enables to enhance consolidation of various resource areas: natural, scientific, educational, symbolic, etc. Conceptualisation of the model of cultural brand will serve as a basis for recreational and tourist activities, will foster preservation and safeguard of cultural traditions, helping to support and develop folk arts and crafts, to create additional job vacancies, to intensify the dynamics of the artistic life of the territory. Novelty. Considering current competition between territorial entities, the aspects of territorial branding of the Republic of Mordovia require a profound theoretical grounding. The region’s development strategy, based on the projecting of cultural brand has not been thoroughly substantiated in the scientific literature, as well as in the regional practice of territorial branding.

Urpose. Studying of technologies of branding of the commercial company and the analysis of practice of their application in promotion of the brand of the territory. Methods. The research is carried out within the framework of an integrated approach and is based on the analysis and interpretation of the results of scientific publications of leading Russian and foreign experts in the field of branding. Results. Using the example of regional branding branding practice and attempts to build a brand of the territory, it is shown that the implementation of brand development strategies is applicable to the promotion of a certain territory. However, if in the case of commercial enterprises branding mechanisms are worked out, then the branding of the city at the moment is a complex scientific and practical problem that requires solution. Scientific novelty. As a result of the analysis, problems of territorial branding were identified, directions for its development were identified.

Purpose and scientific novelty. Investment attractiveness of the region reflects not only the competitiveness of the territory, but also the possible prospects of its development with the preservation of the integrity of municipalities in the framework of the Finno-Ugric traditions. Integration and cooperation of regions of the Finno-Ugric group aimed at solving common to most regions of the task, the most important of which is the elimination of the threat of assimilation and loss of national cultures and languages in the context of global cultural and technological shifts. Results. This contributes to a national revival, formation of national inter-regional movements of kindred peoples. In this regard, it is necessary to shape appropriate investment and cultural platform for effective interaction between regions of the Finno-Ugric group in the framework of municipalities.

Purpose: to study the influence of the industrial sector of the Sverdlovsk region on the environmental safety of the region and the possibilities of using environmental marketing at the regional and municipal levels. Methods: the dynamics of macroeconomic indicators of the region, the level of emissions of pollutants, the costs of protecting the environment, analyzed the relationship between the analyzed indicators. Results: the tendencies of industrial development of the region are revealed, key factors of economic activity negatively influencing the state of the environment are identified, directions of ecological marketing are identified, the use of which will increase the efficiency of environmental protection activities and ensuring environmental safety of the region. Scientific novelty: the interrelationships between environmental protection costs and the level of ensuring the environmental safety of the region are investigated, the relevance of using environmental marketing in the process of creating and maintaining a favorable state of the natural environment of a particular municipal entity and region is substantiated.

Purpose. At the present stage of economic development, the issues of the regulation of social and economic processes taking place in the territorial formations of the state are at the center of attention of scientists and practitioners all over the world. And this article is devoted to the study of the possibilities and prospects for the sustainable development of the socio-economic regional system in the Russian Federation. Scientific novelty. The cumbersome regional structure of Russia with a weak level of interaction under the impact of crisis phenomena in the economy was facing the threat of further disunity of the structural elements of the socio-economic system. At the same time, urbanization processes in our country are closely connected with the industrialization of the economy, when the goals and objectives of its implementation were to concentrate labor resources around production centers. It was as a result of these processes that the monocities became a symbol of the spatial organization of production. Results. In this regard, the question arises of the need to form a new model of the development of the state adapted to new realities. In particular, one of the important tasks is the development of integrated solutions to diversify the economy of single-industry towns, the formation of an effective system for managing their socio-economic and spatial-territorial development.

Purpose. The article attempts to identify the main factors hampering the development of small and medium-sized business in the Russian Federation. Methods. The main conclusions were formulated by the authors in the analysis of the materials of the official survey of owners of medium and small companies published in the annex to the report to the President of the Russian Federation by the commissioner for the protection of entrepreneurs' rights, as well as data of a sociological survey of owners of small business enterprises in Naberezhnye Chelny conducted by the administration of the municipality. Results and scientific novelty. The authors identified the main problems of administrative, organizational and regulatory nature of the development of small and medium-sized businesses, identified dysfunctions of interaction between small and medium-sized businesses with authorities. Recommendations on the leveling of these factors at the expense of the existing infrastructure are presented.

Purpose. Study of the role of state guarantees as an investment tool, stabilizing the ratio of revenue and expenditure, and also used to reduce the debt burden and the deficit of regional and local budgets. Methods. The statistical comparative analysis Results. The article considers the problems of socio-economic development of regions associated increase of their debt, and investigated factors influencing them. The analysis of statistical data characterizing the property and financial condition of the municipal organizations in the municipalities of the Chelyabinsk region, highlighting the leaders and outsiders on this indicator. Scientific novelty. The notion of "investment activity of the territory", defined as institutional characteristics of the municipality, reflecting the ability of local governments to shape a favorable investment climate

Purpose. The study is aimed at analyzing the works of Russian jurists of the second half of the XIX century the beginning of the XX century in the field of local government. Methodology. The research is based on retrospective, comparative and formal-logical methods of studying the analyzed subject, which allowed to reveal the views prevalent in the legal science of that time on the main problems of local government. Results. The opinions of leading Russian jurists on the correlation of local self-government and the state, the form of government by the state and the management of self-governing territories, the features of the spread of local self-government in Russia are established. Scientific novelty. Key conclusions, which belonged to various representatives of Russian legal science on the legal nature of local self-government, peculiarities of its territorial organization and practical activities, are formulated.

Purpose. Study of the causes of the emergence of legal problems in the implementation of the norms of international treaties in the field of combating corruption in the activities of local governments of the Russian Federation and ways to resolve them. Methods. To analyze the causes of legal problems, we used formal legal and comparative legal methods. Results. As a result of studying Russian legislation regulating the activity of local self-government bodies of the Russian Federation and international treaties, an analysis was made of the specifics of the implementation of international anticorruption standards in Russian legislation. Proceeding from the peculiarities of the international treaty as a source of law and the specific application of its norms in the Russian legal system by the local self-government bodies of the Russian Federation, it was concluded that it is necessary to improve the mechanism for implementing the norms of international treaties in the field of combating corruption into national legislation. Scientific novelty. Scientific novelty consists in a comparative legal study of topical issues of improving the implementation of the norms of anti-corruption international standards in the Russian legislation that regulates the activities of local government of the Russian Federation.

Urpose and methods. The article examines the study of customary law in Soviet and modern Russian legal science. In Soviet legal science, in which Marxist terminology, in fact, restored the legist understanding of law as a law created by state power, the problems of customary law were practically not studied. Of course, the social disappearance of the traditional peasant class and its customary legal relations also played a role. In the educational literature, the history of law was interpreted, beginning with the Russian Truth, as the history of legislation. Scientific novelty. The study of customary law was resumed only in the studies of the peasant community and folk culture in the 1970s and 1980s. In two monographs of the historian VA Aleksandrov, the main subject of which was the history of the communal organization of the Russian peasantry, the issues of customary law, primarily in land and family inter-community relations in the serf village, were covered. Some aspects of customary relations were also covered in the works of TA Bernshtam, AG Gorin, MM Gromyko, PN Zyryanov, but in general the Soviet historiographic period regarding the study of customary law turned out to be unproductive. Modern Russian legal science has resumed research on customary law in general theoretical and historical and legal perspectives, mainly in the form of dissertation research and articles and monographs published according to their results. Practical significance. The materials of the article can be used in training courses on the history of the state and law of Russia and of interest to teachers and students of legal specialties of universities.

Purpose. To study the role of state and municipal administrative legal acts in the mechanism of civil law regulation of contractual relations in a market economy and the operation of new civil legislation, and, first of all, to identify the directions and nature of the regulatory impact of such administrative acts. Methods. General scientific methods of cognition (historical and systemic approach, analysis and synthesis, analogy and typology), as well as special legal methods of scientific research (including formal-legal method, comparative legal method, legal modeling method). Results. The importance of administrative acts in the era of the socialist planned economy, the impact of planned acts on the economic contract is shown. In principle, the role and scope of administrative regulators in the sphere of economic relations in a market economy is characterized. The concepts of state and municipal legal acts are defined. The place of administrative acts in the mechanism of civil law regulation of contractual relations has been revealed, it is shown that they are an optional (optional) element of this mechanism and serve as a non-normative legal regulator. The directions of the regulatory impact of state and municipal administrative acts have been studied. Scientific novelty. Original definitions of state and municipal non-normative legal acts are offered (here, the scientific novelty consists in the collection of essential signs of an act and the presence in them of such a feature as the submission of an act to the regime of administrative law). For the first time, the directions of the regulatory impact of state and municipal administrative acts have been systematically defined and described, namely, the conclusion and termination of the contract, the content of the contract, the content of the contractual relationship, contractual conduct and the actual contractual relationship. A new conclusion has been drawn in civil law that administrative acts providing for the obligation of the parties to include certain conditions in a contract or to change the terms of a previously concluded treaty directly affect the content of the contract as a legal act and indirectly (through contractual conditions formed under the influence of administrative acts) contractual legal relationship, and through the latter non-negotiable behavior and the actual contractual relationship.

Purpose. This article analyzes the problems of theory and practice of applying criminal law norms on responsibility for giving and receiving bribes. A special subject of malfeasance is analyzed. Scientific novelty. An author's position is expressed related to the improvement of criminal law in the sphere of responsibility for giving bribes to persons holding public office in the Russian Federation, as well as exemptions from criminal liability.

Purpose. A study of the implementation of the functions of labor law in the process of municipal service by municipal employees. Methods. The article analyzes the provisions of the federal law "On municipal service in the Russian Federation", which fixes the procedure for providing municipal employees with basic annual paid holidays, as well as additional leave for an irregular working day. Comparative characteristics of the right to leave in a certain amount for employees working under an employment contract from state civil and municipal employees allowed to identify the discrepancies in their duration, for example, leave for a non-standardized working day. Results. In the work it is justified that the functions of the labor law, in particular, the guarantee and security function aimed at satisfying the socially significant needs of the employee (employee) are manifested in the rules governing the procedure for the receipt, passage and termination of service relations with municipal employees. The conducted research led to the conclusion that the duration of vacations provided by municipal employees, firstly, objectively worsens the position of employees in relation to the previous rules, and secondly, does not fully meet this function of labor law, reducing the effectiveness of its implementation. Scientific novelty. The scientific novelty lies in the analysis of the Federal Law "On municipal service in the Russian Federation" in terms of the duration of holidays (the main annual, additional for an irregular working day) and their conformity to the socially significant needs of the employee (employee).

Purpose: to establish the delineation of liability for violations in the tax sphere for various codified acts as sources of budget formation at the municipal level. Methods: the responsibility for offenses in the field of taxes and fees on the Tax Code of the Russian Federation and the Administrative Code of the Russian Federation has been analyzed, taking into account current judicial practice and recent legislative changes. Results and practical significance: this study identifies similarities and differences in responsibility for offenses under local taxes. In the analysis of judicial practice, duplicate compositions in codified acts were identified. Scientific novelty: is a comparative study of the responsibility for violations in the field of taxes as sources of income of local budgets on examples of judicial practice. The necessity of consolidating all the offenses in the field of taxes in the Code of Administrative Offenses of the Russian Federation is substantiated.