Vol. 20 No. 3 (2017)

The subject of the study is the strategy of forming an intellectual cluster as a driver of economic regional and municipal development, using the example of Tampere (Finland). The goal is to analyze the organizational and managerial approaches to the implementation of strategic initiatives of public authorities, businesses and leading stakeholders in the cluster initiative. Methodology. The methodological basis of the work was made up of the concepts of leading domestic and foreign economists implementing neoclassical and institutional approaches to analyzing the economy of innovation and regional development. Results. It was revealed that today strategic priorities of the state economic policy should be concentrated in the sphere of advanced innovative technologies, diversification of the economy and cooperation of business on the basis of intellectual technologies. The state task is to organize cooperation and partnership between universities and the industry in the field of R & D, which proves the cooperation of the universities of Tampere and the Finnish, world business. The Finnish practice proves that intellectual research and the education system are the basis of an innovative economy, have advanced knowledge and skills that stimulate the attraction of investments. Conclusions. The conditions created in Finland contribute to the sustainable growth of the national economy and increase its competitiveness. Institutional conditions for stimulating innovation are stimulating factors of national well-being, in contrast to natural resource factors. The business-incubator "New Factory" located in Tampere is the winner in the competition "European Innovations", the leading European start-up accelerator and the laboratory for creating demo projects. Multifaceted diversified activity to stimulate innovation, high level of education and cooperation of business with universities promoted the growth of the region's competitiveness. The Tampere Innovation Cluster formed is 60,000 employees, 17.9 billion euros of annual turnover, with the total number of the Tampere region 499 thousand people created 31,000 places to do business. The region accounts for 15% of the national budget.

Purpose. The research is aimed at identifying and analyzing managerial innovations used in the local government of the People's Republic of China. Methods. Features of introduction of innovations in activity of municipal employees of the Peoples Republic of China are analyzed. Results. The peculiarities of the municipal service of the China, as well as the perception of managerial innovations by these categories of employees, are revealed. Scientific novelty. The modern state of innovations in the sphere of municipal management of the PRC is described and analyzed, paying special attention to the types of innovations and the specifics of their implementation and dissemination. The author examines innovations in the context of political and administrative reforms in China, presents an analysis of international literature on the definition of the phenomenon of innovation in government, types of innovation in the public sector, as well as a description of the database and research methods used in the study.

Purpose. Analyze the interaction between educational communities and urban cultural and educational environment in the Russian megalopolis as a management problem. Subject. Interrelations and interactions of the education sphere (included educational communities) and the cultural and educational infrastructure of the megalopolis and, accordingly, the two branches of knowledge that explore this interaction the sociology of education and the sociology of the city. Methodology and methods. The article is written on the basis of a theoretical and empirical study. The first the theoretical and methodological part of the article includes an analysis of the main methodological approaches used to study the interaction of educational communities in the megalopolis. Among these approaches institutional, systemic, communities, networked. They are united by a binding beginning an administrative approach. The second part of the article covers interpretation of materials of empirical research conducted under the guidance of authors among educational communities of scientific and pedagogical workers and students of the leading universities of Ekaterinburg in 2016-2017. Some results of the research, reflected in the article, relate to the characteristics of the specifics of intra-institutional interactions between the educational communities of the higher school of Ekaterinburg, as well as the influence of the cultural and educational infrastructure of the megalopolis on the choice of types of educational activity. Of particular interest are the problems of the lack of confidence in the university environment (both teaching and student) to various levels of management, from federal to municipal. The scientific novelty of the research consists in the analysis, for the first time at the theoretical and empirical level, of the interconnection and interaction of the two environments the education and the cultural and educational infrastructure of the megalopolis and, respectively, of the two branches of knowledge the sociology of education and the sociology of the city. Scientific novelty is also determined by the application to the consideration of the interaction of education and urban life of a number of the above-mentioned methodological approaches institutional, systemic, communities, networked, united by managing analysis. Application area. The results of the research serve as a contribution to the theoretical study of the processes of managing the interaction between educational communities among themselves, as well as with the cultural and educational infrastructure of the megalopolis. From the point of view of managing the practices of urban life, including in the sphere of education, the results of the surveys can be used to develop recommendations for optimizing the interaction of educational communities with other urban communities, as well as programs for the development of inter-institutional links between education, management, culture in a megalopolis.

Purpose. To do an analysis of the current state of socio-professional characteristics of municipal employees in the Sverdlovsk Region as elements of their professional identity. Methods of research. The paper is based on the results of an author's sociological survey conducted on a representative sample among municipal employees in the Sverdlovsk Region. In addition, a method of analysis the theoretical sources and official statistics was used. Results of the study. Such important components of the professional identity of municipal employees in the Sverdlovsk Region as the content of professional activity and professional image have been analysed, based on the empirical research data. It is revealed through the personal and professional qualities of employees and their value-motivational structure and self-reckoning. The analysis showed that the content of professional activities of municipal employees is characterised by a high degree of complexity, the prevalence of work with information, as well as a pronounced creative component. Modern municipal employees of the Sverdlovsk region put the knowledge of the legislation and the ability to apply the received skills in practice, as well as such personal qualities, responsibility, honesty, efficiency in self profession image. Stability and social guarantees are the most attractive factors in the image of the profession. Scientific novelty. The characteristic of the content of the professional identity of the professional identity of municipal servants of the Sverdlovsk Region is given.

Purpose. Analysis of the conjugation of the strategic priorities of the development of the Sverdlovsk region put forward by the authorities with the interests of the economically active population. Methods. In the conducted research methods of the questionnaire sociological interrogation among workers of various spheres of activity both in monocities and settlements, and in municipal formations with the differentiated economy were applied. The total amount of the sample was 3000 people. Results. The results of the survey made it possible to identify the priority problems for the inhabitants of the Sverdlovsk region in the development of the region. It is noteworthy that apart from the traditional dissatisfaction with the sphere of consumption (rising prices, quality of roads, underfunding of the social sphere), the economically active population of the region is concerned with problems in the production sphere (weak support of innovative projects, maintaining the competitiveness of municipalities in attracting highly skilled labor). Positive dynamics in the authorities' response speed to vital problems for the population could be ascertained only by residents of large municipalities, such as Yekaterinburg, Nizhny Tagil. Organizational problems in the popularization of strategic initiatives are being diagnosed: residents are more aware of regional projects supported by the federal center (World Football Championship, orientation on import substitution) than local initiatives: "New industrial policy, creation of industrial and technoparks", "Ural Engineering School". The facts of corruption, kickbacks and the complexity of bureaucratic procedures, according to the residents, create the main obstacles to the implementation of projects of significance to residents. Groups of organizational, economic and social psychological reasons are identified, which, according to workers of various municipalities in the region, can hinder the implementation of strategic initiatives. People should see how the implementation of the strategic initiatives of the head of the region can change their lives. Scientific novelty. Based on the results of the sociological research, the importance of reconciling groups of interests of the authorities and those employed in the municipal labor markets in the process of realizing the strategic goals of the development of the region was shown.

Purpose. Study, analysis and generalization of the main problems of municipalities in the formation of fiscal policy for the long term. Methods. Statistical, comparative, content and plan-factual analysis. Results. The analysis of the structure and trends of the budget execution of the municipal formation on the basis of budgetary reporting is carried out; problems of formation and execution of the budget of the municipality are identified and practical recommendations for the implementation of fiscal and budgetary powers in the long term are proposed. Scientific novelty. The scientific novelty of the publication is to justify the current situation and to study its impact on the formation of the budgetary and fiscal policy of the municipality, the development and formulation of strategic tasks for increasing budget efficiency.

Purpose. The study is aimed at identifying the main features of marketing activities in the tourism sector of the municipal formation, as well as determining recommendations for the development of a system for promoting products of travel companies in the city of Snezhinsk. Methods. The main methods of promotion of tourist services are analyzed, the possibilities of a sociological survey are used to investigate the level of effectiveness of promotional activities. The research is based on the use of methods and techniques of logical, systemic, structural-functional and comparative analysis. Scientific novelty and results. According to the results of the research, the author identified the main features of marketing activities of enterprises in the tourist sphere in the territory of the municipal entity "Snezhinsk" by the example of the tourist company "FROG-VOYAGE" LLC, identified the main positive and negative aspects of individual marketing tools, systems of promotion of tourist services and offered tools for the development of marketing activities in this direction.

Purpose. Define the «ethnic juridical anti-culture» concept content and the signs of the concept, reveal the juridical and the other premises of ethnic juridical anti-culture formation and development at the municipal and regional levels. Methods. In the research, scientific methods are applied: historical, the methods of analysis and synthesis, deduction and induction. Among the individual scientific methods, the method of comparative jurisprudence and lawyer practice casework should be termed. Scientific novelty. The author is the earlier to face an issue of the necessity to research the ethnic juridical anti-culture phenomenon and its structure. The concept content of the term is revealed first. The determination relations of the ethnic juridical anti-culture are underlined. Among them, the author distinguishes jural and other factors of the municipal and regional format. The results and field of application. In this research, such premises of the ethnic juridical anti-culture as the shortcoming of regulatory legal and subordinatory acts adopted by local and municipal legislative departments are revealed. There is the necessity of working out national policy development strategy in the regions of the Russian Federation and separate municipalities.

Purpose. Determining the need to improve the level of education, professional development and professional retraining of municipal employees. Methods. Legislative acts that fix the qualification requirements for the person applying for the position of a municipal employee, as well as persons already carrying out professional activities in this area, are considered. Results. In this article, the authors consider the problem of the need to improve the training, retraining and professional development of municipal employees, which is a very acute and urgent problem to date. The necessity of forming a qualitatively new cadre of the municipal service is underlined.

Purpose. A study of the implementation of the functions of labor law in the process of municipal service by municipal employees. Methods. In the article the analysis of the provisions of the Federal law "On municipal service in the Russian Federation" of fixing additional grounds termination of the employment contract with the municipal officials. Comparative characteristics of the procedure and grounds for termination of service contracts with the state civil and municipal employees, which has allowed to reveal differences in the order of termination of service relationship on the same grounds. Results. The work proves that the functions of labour law in particular such as administration function (control) is aimed at satisfaction of socially relevant needs of the employer and the function of the social world, aimed at meeting the needs of the state as the generalized needs of society find their expression in the rules governing the receipt, transmission and termination of official relations with the municipal officials. The conducted study allowed to conclude that the envisaged termination of the employment contract with municipal officials, first, not only does not fulfil the functions of labor law, but does not meet the intended purpose of the grounds for termination of the service relationship, secondly, provided order is contrary to government policy to combat corruption. Scientific novelty. Scientific novelty lies in the analysis of the Federal law "On municipal service in the Russian Federation" in the part of the additional bases of the termination of the employment contract with the municipal employees and their conformity to socially significant needs of the employer and the state and intended purpose.